In July 2009, law enforcement rangers at Bandelier National Monument, acting on an anonymous tip, initiated an investigation into the illegal collection of natural and cultural resources from National Park Service (NPS) lands.
Based on that initial investigation a suspect, William Smith Sr., was identified and was alleged to have stolen property from multiple National Parks, including Bandelier National Monument, Yellowstone National Park, Petrified Forest National Park, and Richmond National Battlefield Park.